by Thomas W. Patapoff and David E. Overcashier Genentech, Inc. The freezing method used during lyophilization can substantially affect the structure of the ice formed, the water-vapor flow during primary drying, and the quality of the final product. Controlling how a solution freezes can shorten lyophilization cycles and produce more stable formations.
Ushering in Industry 4.0 with the IDMO Model to Solve the CGT Manufacturing Bottleneck
May 28th 2025Global scale-up requires developing replicable processes that work the same no matter where they are performed. This can be accomplished with smart factories that utilize fully automated manufacturing platforms.