Cynthia A. Challener

Multispecific analysis is complex but can be achieved using appropriate strategies.

Timing is everything, and it might be ideal for acceleration of real-time monitoring solutions.

Surrogate analytics are no longer sufficient, as simple inexpensive real-time analytics are urgently needed for high value products.

Speed-to-market, capacity, technology development, and increased investment top the list.

Alternative materials, as well as supply-chain planning, are essential to ensure a reliable supply for parenteral drug packaging.

The benefits of single-use technologies for upstream viral-vector processes clearly outweigh their disadvantages.

Advances in technology are accelerating the development and manufacture of subunit vaccines, an established class of vaccines.

Understanding the process and product goals is just the first step to a holistic approach to process development.

Contract manufacturers play a key role in the production of lipid nanoparticles for RNA vaccines.

Mass spectrometry and automation are growing in importance for protein characterization, but further improvements are still needed.